Initial commit of Storage, TLS, and automatic HTTPS implementations

16 files changed, 1278 insertions, 118 deletions

diff --git a/admin.go b/admin.go
index 487569b..a123a64 100644
--- a/admin.go
+++ b/admin.go
@@ -119,15 +119,15 @@ func Load(r io.Reader) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	var cfg Config
+	var cfg *Config
 	err = json.Unmarshal(buf.Bytes(), &cfg)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("decoding config: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	err = Start(cfg)
+	err = Run(cfg)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("starting: %v", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("running: %v", err)
 	}
 
 	return nil
diff --git a/caddy.go b/caddy.go
index 36c9239..62b12b6 100644
--- a/caddy.go
+++ b/caddy.go
@@ -8,27 +8,36 @@ import (
 	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
+
+	"github.com/mholt/certmagic"
 )
 
-// Start runs Caddy with the given config.
-func Start(cfg Config) error {
+// Run runs Caddy with the given config.
+func Run(cfg *Config) error {
 	// allow only one call to Start at a time,
 	// since various calls to LoadModule()
 	// access shared map moduleInstances
 	startMu.Lock()
 	defer startMu.Unlock()
 
-	// prepare the config for use
-	cfg.runners = make(map[string]Runner)
+	// because we will need to roll back any state
+	// modifications if this function errors, we
+	// keep a single error value and scope all
+	// sub-operations to their own functions to
+	// ensure this error value does not get
+	// overridden or missed when it should have
+	// been set by a short assignment
+	var err error
+
+	// prepare the new config for use
+	cfg.apps = make(map[string]App)
 	cfg.moduleStates = make(map[string]interface{})
 
 	// reset the shared moduleInstances map; but
 	// keep a temporary reference to the current
 	// one so we can transfer over any necessary
-	// state to the new modules; or in case this
-	// function returns an error, we need to put
-	// the "old" one back where we found it
-	var err error
+	// state to the new modules or to roll back
+	// if necessary
 	oldModuleInstances := moduleInstances
 	defer func() {
 		if err != nil {
@@ -37,109 +46,183 @@ func Start(cfg Config) error {
 	}()
 	moduleInstances = make(map[string][]interface{})
 
-	// load (decode) each runner module
-	for modName, rawMsg := range cfg.Modules {
-		val, err := LoadModule(modName, rawMsg)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("loading module '%s': %v", modName, err)
+	// set up storage and make it CertMagic's default storage, too
+	err = func() error {
+		if cfg.StorageRaw != nil {
+			val, err := LoadModuleInline("system", "caddy.storage", cfg.StorageRaw)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("loading storage module: %v", err)
+			}
+			stor, err := val.(StorageConverter).CertMagicStorage()
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("creating storage value: %v", err)
+			}
+			cfg.storage = stor
+			cfg.StorageRaw = nil // allow GC to deallocate - TODO: Does this help?
 		}
-		cfg.runners[modName] = val.(Runner)
-	}
-
-	// start the new runners
-	for name, r := range cfg.runners {
-		err := r.Run()
-		if err != nil {
-			// TODO: If any one has an error, stop the others
-			return fmt.Errorf("%s module: %v", name, err)
+		if cfg.storage == nil {
+			cfg.storage = &certmagic.FileStorage{Path: dataDir()}
 		}
+		certmagic.Default.Storage = cfg.storage
+
+		return nil
+	}()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
 
-	// shut down down the old runners
-	currentCfgMu.Lock()
-	if currentCfg != nil {
-		for name, r := range currentCfg.runners {
-			err := r.Cancel()
+	// Load, Provision, Validate
+	err = func() error {
+		for modName, rawMsg := range cfg.AppsRaw {
+			val, err := LoadModule(modName, rawMsg)
 			if err != nil {
-				log.Printf("[ERROR] cancel %s: %v", name, err)
+				return fmt.Errorf("loading app module '%s': %v", modName, err)
 			}
+			cfg.apps[modName] = val.(App)
 		}
+		return nil
+	}()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
+
+	// swap old config with the new one, and
+	// roll back this change if anything fails
+	currentCfgMu.Lock()
 	oldCfg := currentCfg
-	currentCfg = &cfg
+	currentCfg = cfg
 	currentCfgMu.Unlock()
-
-	// invoke unload callbacks on old configuration
-	for modName := range oldModuleInstances {
-		mod, err := GetModule(modName)
+	defer func() {
 		if err != nil {
-			return err
+			currentCfgMu.Lock()
+			currentCfg = oldCfg
+			currentCfgMu.Unlock()
 		}
-		if mod.OnUnload != nil {
-			var unloadingState interface{}
-			if oldCfg != nil {
-				unloadingState = oldCfg.moduleStates[modName]
-			}
-			err := mod.OnUnload(unloadingState)
+	}()
+
+	// OnLoad
+	err = func() error {
+		for modName, instances := range moduleInstances {
+			mod, err := GetModule(modName)
 			if err != nil {
-				log.Printf("[ERROR] module OnUnload: %s: %v", modName, err)
-				continue
+				return err
+			}
+			if mod.OnLoad != nil {
+				var priorState interface{}
+				if oldCfg != nil {
+					priorState = oldCfg.moduleStates[modName]
+				}
+				modState, err := mod.OnLoad(instances, priorState)
+				if err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("module OnLoad: %s: %v", modName, err)
+				}
+				if modState != nil {
+					cfg.moduleStates[modName] = modState
+				}
 			}
 		}
+		return nil
+	}()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
 
-	// invoke load callbacks on new configuration
-	for modName, instances := range moduleInstances {
-		mod, err := GetModule(modName)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
+	// Start
+	err = func() error {
+		h := Handle{cfg}
+		for name, a := range cfg.apps {
+			err := a.Start(h)
+			if err != nil {
+				for otherAppName, otherApp := range cfg.apps {
+					err := otherApp.Stop()
+					if err != nil {
+						log.Printf("aborting app %s: %v", otherAppName, err)
+					}
+				}
+				return fmt.Errorf("%s app module: start: %v", name, err)
+			}
 		}
-		if mod.OnLoad != nil {
-			var priorState interface{}
-			if oldCfg != nil {
-				priorState = oldCfg.moduleStates[modName]
+		return nil
+	}()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Stop
+	if oldCfg != nil {
+		for name, a := range oldCfg.apps {
+			err := a.Stop()
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Printf("[ERROR] stop %s: %v", name, err)
 			}
-			modState, err := mod.OnLoad(instances, priorState)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// OnUnload
+	err = func() error {
+		for modName := range oldModuleInstances {
+			mod, err := GetModule(modName)
 			if err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("module OnLoad: %s: %v", modName, err)
+				return err
 			}
-			if modState != nil {
-				cfg.moduleStates[modName] = modState
+			if mod.OnUnload != nil {
+				var unloadingState interface{}
+				if oldCfg != nil {
+					unloadingState = oldCfg.moduleStates[modName]
+				}
+				err := mod.OnUnload(unloadingState)
+				if err != nil {
+					log.Printf("[ERROR] module OnUnload: %s: %v", modName, err)
+					continue
+				}
 			}
 		}
+		return nil
+	}()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
 
 	// shut down listeners that are no longer being used
-	listenersMu.Lock()
-	for key, info := range listeners {
-		if atomic.LoadInt32(&info.usage) == 0 {
-			err := info.ln.Close()
-			if err != nil {
-				log.Printf("[ERROR] closing listener %s: %v", info.ln.Addr(), err)
-				continue
+	err = func() error {
+		listenersMu.Lock()
+		for key, info := range listeners {
+			if atomic.LoadInt32(&info.usage) == 0 {
+				err := info.ln.Close()
+				if err != nil {
+					log.Printf("[ERROR] closing listener %s: %v", info.ln.Addr(), err)
+					continue
+				}
+				delete(listeners, key)
 			}
-			delete(listeners, key)
 		}
+		listenersMu.Unlock()
+		return nil
+	}()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
-	listenersMu.Unlock()
 
 	return nil
 }
 
-// Runner is a thing that Caddy runs.
-type Runner interface {
-	Run() error
-	Cancel() error
+// App is a thing that Caddy runs.
+type App interface {
+	Start(Handle) error
+	Stop() error
 }
 
 // Config represents a Caddy configuration.
 type Config struct {
+	StorageRaw json.RawMessage `json:"storage"`
+	storage    certmagic.Storage
+
 	TestVal string                     `json:"testval"`
-	Modules map[string]json.RawMessage `json:"modules"`
+	AppsRaw map[string]json.RawMessage `json:"apps"`
 
-	// runners stores the decoded Modules values,
+	// apps stores the decoded Apps values,
 	// keyed by module name.
-	runners map[string]Runner
+	apps map[string]App
 
 	// moduleStates stores the optional "global" state
 	// values of every module used by this configuration,
@@ -147,6 +230,34 @@ type Config struct {
 	moduleStates map[string]interface{}
 }
 
+// Handle allows app modules to access
+// the top-level Config in a controlled
+// manner without needing to rely on
+// global state.
+type Handle struct {
+	current *Config
+}
+
+// App returns the configured app named name.
+// A nil value is returned if no app with that
+// name is currently configured.
+func (h Handle) App(name string) interface{} {
+	return h.current.apps[name]
+}
+
+// GetStorage returns the configured Caddy storage implementation.
+// If no storage implementation is explicitly configured, the
+// default one is returned instead, as long as there is a current
+// configuration loaded.
+func GetStorage() certmagic.Storage {
+	currentCfgMu.RLock()
+	defer currentCfgMu.RUnlock()
+	if currentCfg == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return currentCfg.storage
+}
+
 // Duration is a JSON-string-unmarshable duration type.
 type Duration time.Duration
 
@@ -167,7 +278,7 @@ type CtxKey string
 // currentCfg is the currently-loaded configuration.
 var (
 	currentCfg   *Config
-	currentCfgMu sync.Mutex
+	currentCfgMu sync.RWMutex
 )
 
 // moduleInstances stores the individual instantiated
@@ -181,5 +292,5 @@ var (
 var moduleInstances = make(map[string][]interface{})
 
 // startMu ensures that only one Start() happens at a time.
-// This is important since
+// This is important since moduleInstances is shared state.
 var startMu sync.Mutex
diff --git a/cmd/caddy2/main.go b/cmd/caddy2/main.go
index 41fff6e..4be632c 100644
--- a/cmd/caddy2/main.go
+++ b/cmd/caddy2/main.go
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	_ "bitbucket.org/lightcodelabs/caddy2/modules/caddyhttp"
 	_ "bitbucket.org/lightcodelabs/caddy2/modules/caddyhttp/caddylog"
 	_ "bitbucket.org/lightcodelabs/caddy2/modules/caddyhttp/staticfiles"
+	_ "bitbucket.org/lightcodelabs/caddy2/modules/caddytls"
 	_ "bitbucket.org/lightcodelabs/dynamicconfig"
 	_ "bitbucket.org/lightcodelabs/proxy"
 )
diff --git a/listeners.go b/listeners.go
index 7102e76..db2ebaf 100644
--- a/listeners.go
+++ b/listeners.go
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ func (fcl *fakeCloseListener) fakeClosedErr() error {
 		Op:   "accept",
 		Net:  fcl.Listener.Addr().Network(),
 		Addr: fcl.Listener.Addr(),
-		Err:  ErrFakeClosed,
+		Err:  errFakeClosed,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ func (fcl *fakeCloseListener) fakeClosedErr() error {
 // indicating that it is pretending to be closed so that the
 // server using it can terminate, while the underlying
 // socket is actually left open.
-var ErrFakeClosed = fmt.Errorf("listener 'closed' 😉")
+var errFakeClosed = fmt.Errorf("listener 'closed' 😉")
 
 // listenerUsage pairs a net.Listener with a
 // count of how many servers are using it.
diff --git a/modules.go b/modules.go
index ac41f16..0fd898e 100644
--- a/modules.go
+++ b/modules.go
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"sync"
 )
 
-// Module is a module.
+// Module represents a Caddy module.
 type Module struct {
 	Name     string
 	New      func() (interface{}, error)
@@ -21,6 +21,10 @@ func (m Module) String() string { return m.Name }
 
 // RegisterModule registers a module.
 func RegisterModule(mod Module) error {
+	if mod.Name == "caddy" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("modules cannot be named 'caddy'")
+	}
+
 	modulesMu.Lock()
 	defer modulesMu.Unlock()
 
@@ -45,7 +49,7 @@ func GetModule(name string) (Module, error) {
 
 // GetModules returns all modules in the given scope/namespace.
 // For example, a scope of "foo" returns modules named "foo.bar",
-// "foo.lee", but not "bar", "foo.bar.lee", etc. An empty scope
+// "foo.loo", but not "bar", "foo.bar.loo", etc. An empty scope
 // returns top-level modules, for example "foo" or "bar". Partial
 // scopes are not matched (i.e. scope "foo.ba" does not match
 // name "foo.bar").
@@ -112,7 +116,10 @@ func Modules() []string {
 // returns the value. If mod.New() does not return a pointer
 // value, it is converted to one so that it is unmarshaled
 // into the underlying concrete type. If mod.New is nil, an
-// error is returned.
+// error is returned. If the module implements Validator or
+// Provisioner interfaces, those methods are invoked to
+// ensure the module is fully configured and valid before
+// being used.
 func LoadModule(name string, rawMsg json.RawMessage) (interface{}, error) {
 	modulesMu.Lock()
 	mod, ok := modules[name]
@@ -140,6 +147,13 @@ func LoadModule(name string, rawMsg json.RawMessage) (interface{}, error) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("decoding module config: %s: %v", mod.Name, err)
 	}
 
+	if prov, ok := val.(Provisioner); ok {
+		err := prov.Provision()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("provision %s: %v", mod.Name, err)
+		}
+	}
+
 	if validator, ok := val.(Validator); ok {
 		err := validator.Validate()
 		if err != nil {
@@ -152,27 +166,23 @@ func LoadModule(name string, rawMsg json.RawMessage) (interface{}, error) {
 	return val, nil
 }
 
-// LoadModuleInlineName loads a module from a JSON raw message which
-// decodes to a map[string]interface{}, and where one of the keys is
-// "_module", which indicates the module name and which be found in
-// the given scope.
+// LoadModuleInline loads a module from a JSON raw message which decodes
+// to a map[string]interface{}, where one of the keys is moduleNameKey
+// and the corresponding value is the module name as a string, which
+// can be found in the given scope.
 //
 // This allows modules to be decoded into their concrete types and
 // used when their names cannot be the unique key in a map, such as
 // when there are multiple instances in the map or it appears in an
-// array (where there are no custom keys).
-func LoadModuleInlineName(moduleScope string, raw json.RawMessage) (interface{}, error) {
-	var tmp map[string]interface{}
-	err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &tmp)
+// array (where there are no custom keys). In other words, the key
+// containing the module name is treated special/separate from all
+// the other keys.
+func LoadModuleInline(moduleNameKey, moduleScope string, raw json.RawMessage) (interface{}, error) {
+	moduleName, err := getModuleNameInline(moduleNameKey, raw)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	moduleName, ok := tmp["_module"].(string)
-	if !ok || moduleName == "" {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("module name not specified")
-	}
-
 	val, err := LoadModule(moduleScope+"."+moduleName, raw)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("loading module '%s': %v", moduleName, err)
@@ -181,6 +191,23 @@ func LoadModuleInlineName(moduleScope string, raw json.RawMessage) (interface{},
 	return val, nil
 }
 
+// getModuleNameInline loads the string value from raw of moduleNameKey,
+// where raw must be a JSON encoding of a map.
+func getModuleNameInline(moduleNameKey string, raw json.RawMessage) (string, error) {
+	var tmp map[string]interface{}
+	err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &tmp)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	moduleName, ok := tmp[moduleNameKey].(string)
+	if !ok || moduleName == "" {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("module name not specified with key '%s' in %+v", moduleNameKey, tmp)
+	}
+
+	return moduleName, nil
+}
+
 // Validator is implemented by modules which can verify that their
 // configurations are valid. This method will be called after New()
 // instantiations of modules (if implemented). Validation should
@@ -190,6 +217,13 @@ type Validator interface {
 	Validate() error
 }
 
+// Provisioner is implemented by modules which may need to perform
+// some additional "setup" steps immediately after being loaded.
+// This method will be called after Validate() (if implemented).
+type Provisioner interface {
+	Provision() error
+}
+
 var (
 	modules   = make(map[string]Module)
 	modulesMu sync.Mutex
diff --git a/modules/caddyhttp/caddyhttp.go b/modules/caddyhttp/caddyhttp.go
index 5f1587d..437e48f 100644
--- a/modules/caddyhttp/caddyhttp.go
+++ b/modules/caddyhttp/caddyhttp.go
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package caddyhttp
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"crypto/tls"
 	"fmt"
 	"log"
 	mathrand "math/rand"
@@ -12,9 +13,13 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"bitbucket.org/lightcodelabs/caddy2"
+	"bitbucket.org/lightcodelabs/caddy2/modules/caddytls"
+	"github.com/mholt/certmagic"
 )
 
 func init() {
+	mathrand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
+
 	err := caddy2.RegisterModule(caddy2.Module{
 		Name: "http",
 		New:  func() (interface{}, error) { return new(httpModuleConfig), nil },
@@ -22,17 +27,15 @@ func init() {
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err)
 	}
-
-	mathrand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
 }
 
 type httpModuleConfig struct {
-	Servers map[string]httpServerConfig `json:"servers"`
+	Servers map[string]*httpServerConfig `json:"servers"`
 
 	servers []*http.Server
 }
 
-func (hc *httpModuleConfig) Run() error {
+func (hc *httpModuleConfig) Provision() error {
 	// TODO: Either prevent overlapping listeners on different servers, or combine them into one
 	for _, srv := range hc.Servers {
 		err := srv.Routes.setup()
@@ -43,7 +46,18 @@ func (hc *httpModuleConfig) Run() error {
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("setting up server error handling routes: %v", err)
 		}
+	}
 
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (hc *httpModuleConfig) Start(handle caddy2.Handle) error {
+	err := hc.automaticHTTPS(handle)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("enabling automatic HTTPS: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	for srvName, srv := range hc.Servers {
 		s := &http.Server{
 			ReadTimeout:       time.Duration(srv.ReadTimeout),
 			ReadHeaderTimeout: time.Duration(srv.ReadHeaderTimeout),
@@ -53,13 +67,30 @@ func (hc *httpModuleConfig) Run() error {
 		for _, lnAddr := range srv.Listen {
 			network, addrs, err := parseListenAddr(lnAddr)
 			if err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("parsing listen address '%s': %v", lnAddr, err)
+				return fmt.Errorf("%s: parsing listen address '%s': %v", srvName, lnAddr, err)
 			}
 			for _, addr := range addrs {
 				ln, err := caddy2.Listen(network, addr)
 				if err != nil {
 					return fmt.Errorf("%s: listening on %s: %v", network, addr, err)
 				}
+
+				// enable HTTP/2 by default
+				for _, pol := range srv.TLSConnPolicies {
+					if len(pol.ALPN) == 0 {
+						pol.ALPN = append(pol.ALPN, defaultALPN...)
+					}
+				}
+
+				// enable TLS
+				if len(srv.TLSConnPolicies) > 0 {
+					tlsCfg, err := srv.TLSConnPolicies.TLSConfig(handle)
+					if err != nil {
+						return fmt.Errorf("%s/%s: making TLS configuration: %v", network, addr, err)
+					}
+					ln = tls.NewListener(ln, tlsCfg)
+				}
+
 				go s.Serve(ln)
 				hc.servers = append(hc.servers, s)
 			}
@@ -69,7 +100,7 @@ func (hc *httpModuleConfig) Run() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (hc *httpModuleConfig) Cancel() error {
+func (hc *httpModuleConfig) Stop() error {
 	for _, s := range hc.servers {
 		err := s.Shutdown(context.Background()) // TODO
 		if err != nil {
@@ -79,13 +110,63 @@ func (hc *httpModuleConfig) Cancel() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (hc *httpModuleConfig) automaticHTTPS(handle caddy2.Handle) error {
+	tlsApp := handle.App("tls").(*caddytls.TLS)
+
+	for srvName, srv := range hc.Servers {
+		srv.tlsApp = tlsApp
+
+		if srv.DisableAutoHTTPS {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		domainSet := make(map[string]struct{})
+		for _, route := range srv.Routes {
+			for _, m := range route.matchers {
+				if hm, ok := m.(*matchHost); ok {
+					for _, d := range *hm {
+						if !certmagic.HostQualifies(d) {
+							continue
+						}
+						domainSet[d] = struct{}{}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		var domains []string
+		for d := range domainSet {
+			domains = append(domains, d)
+		}
+		if len(domains) > 0 {
+			err := tlsApp.Manage(domains)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("%s: managing certificate for %s: %s", srvName, domains, err)
+			}
+			// TODO: Connection policies... redirects... man...
+			srv.TLSConnPolicies = caddytls.ConnectionPolicies{
+				{
+					ALPN: defaultALPN,
+				},
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+var defaultALPN = []string{"h2", "http/1.1"}
+
 type httpServerConfig struct {
-	Listen            []string        `json:"listen"`
-	ReadTimeout       caddy2.Duration `json:"read_timeout"`
-	ReadHeaderTimeout caddy2.Duration `json:"read_header_timeout"`
-	HiddenFiles       []string        `json:"hidden_files"` // TODO:... experimenting with shared/common state
-	Routes            routeList       `json:"routes"`
-	Errors            httpErrorConfig `json:"errors"`
+	Listen            []string                    `json:"listen"`
+	ReadTimeout       caddy2.Duration             `json:"read_timeout"`
+	ReadHeaderTimeout caddy2.Duration             `json:"read_header_timeout"`
+	HiddenFiles       []string                    `json:"hidden_files"` // TODO:... experimenting with shared/common state
+	Routes            routeList                   `json:"routes"`
+	Errors            httpErrorConfig             `json:"errors"`
+	TLSConnPolicies   caddytls.ConnectionPolicies `json:"tls_connection_policies"`
+	DisableAutoHTTPS  bool                        `json:"disable_auto_https"`
+
+	tlsApp *caddytls.TLS
 }
 
 type httpErrorConfig struct {
@@ -95,6 +176,10 @@ type httpErrorConfig struct {
 
 // ServeHTTP is the entry point for all HTTP requests.
 func (s httpServerConfig) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	if s.tlsApp.HandleHTTPChallenge(w, r) {
+		return
+	}
+
 	stack := s.Routes.buildMiddlewareChain(w, r)
 	err := executeMiddlewareChain(w, r, stack)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/modules/caddyhttp/caddylog/log.go b/modules/caddyhttp/caddylog/log.go
index dc940b3..dfc9da5 100644
--- a/modules/caddyhttp/caddylog/log.go
+++ b/modules/caddyhttp/caddylog/log.go
@@ -64,4 +64,4 @@ func (l *Log) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, next caddyhttp.H
 }
 
 // Interface guard
-var _ caddyhttp.MiddlewareHandler = &Log{}
+var _ caddyhttp.MiddlewareHandler = (*Log)(nil)
diff --git a/modules/caddyhttp/routes.go b/modules/caddyhttp/routes.go
index 95b6ee8..cc26436 100644
--- a/modules/caddyhttp/routes.go
+++ b/modules/caddyhttp/routes.go
@@ -32,17 +32,13 @@ func (routes routeList) buildMiddlewareChain(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Requ
 	var responder Handler
 	mrw := &middlewareResponseWriter{ResponseWriterWrapper: &ResponseWriterWrapper{w}}
 
+routeLoop:
 	for _, route := range routes {
-		matched := len(route.matchers) == 0
 		for _, m := range route.matchers {
-			if m.Match(r) {
-				matched = true
-				break
+			if !m.Match(r) {
+				continue routeLoop
 			}
 		}
-		if !matched {
-			continue
-		}
 		for _, m := range route.middleware {
 			mid = append(mid, func(next HandlerFunc) HandlerFunc {
 				return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) error {
@@ -53,6 +49,8 @@ func (routes routeList) buildMiddlewareChain(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Requ
 		if responder == nil {
 			responder = route.responder
 		}
+		// TODO: Should exclusive apply to only middlewares, or responder too?
+		// i.e. what if they haven't set a responder yet, but the first middleware chain is exclusive...
 		if route.Exclusive {
 			break
 		}
@@ -83,24 +81,27 @@ func (routes routeList) setup() error {
 			}
 			routes[i].matchers = append(routes[i].matchers, val.(RouteMatcher))
 		}
+		routes[i].Matchers = nil // allow GC to deallocate - TODO: Does this help?
 
 		// middleware
 		for j, rawMsg := range route.Apply {
-			mid, err := caddy2.LoadModuleInlineName("http.middleware", rawMsg)
+			mid, err := caddy2.LoadModuleInline("middleware", "http.middleware", rawMsg)
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("loading middleware module in position %d: %v", j, err)
 			}
 			routes[i].middleware = append(routes[i].middleware, mid.(MiddlewareHandler))
 		}
+		routes[i].Apply = nil // allow GC to deallocate - TODO: Does this help?
 
 		// responder
 		if route.Respond != nil {
-			resp, err := caddy2.LoadModuleInlineName("http.responders", route.Respond)
+			resp, err := caddy2.LoadModuleInline("responder", "http.responders", route.Respond)
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("loading responder module: %v", err)
 			}
 			routes[i].responder = resp.(Handler)
 		}
+		routes[i].Respond = nil // allow GC to deallocate - TODO: Does this help?
 	}
 	return nil
 }
diff --git a/modules/caddyhttp/staticfiles/staticfiles.go b/modules/caddyhttp/staticfiles/staticfiles.go
index d1a7a7e..2a6fe37 100644
--- a/modules/caddyhttp/staticfiles/staticfiles.go
+++ b/modules/caddyhttp/staticfiles/staticfiles.go
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import (
 func init() {
 	caddy2.RegisterModule(caddy2.Module{
 		Name: "http.responders.static_files",
-		New:  func() (interface{}, error) { return &StaticFiles{}, nil },
+		New:  func() (interface{}, error) { return new(StaticFiles), nil },
 	})
 }
 
@@ -25,4 +25,4 @@ func (sf StaticFiles) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) error {
 }
 
 // Interface guard
-var _ caddyhttp.Handler = StaticFiles{}
+var _ caddyhttp.Handler = (*StaticFiles)(nil)
diff --git a/modules/caddytls/acmemanager.go b/modules/caddytls/acmemanager.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a7a460a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/caddytls/acmemanager.go
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+package caddytls
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/go-acme/lego/certcrypto"
+
+	"bitbucket.org/lightcodelabs/caddy2"
+	"github.com/go-acme/lego/challenge"
+	"github.com/mholt/certmagic"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	caddy2.RegisterModule(caddy2.Module{
+		Name: "tls.management.acme",
+		New:  func() (interface{}, error) { return new(acmeManagerMaker), nil },
+	})
+}
+
+// ManagerMaker TODO: WIP...
+type ManagerMaker interface {
+	newManager(interactive bool) (certmagic.Manager, error)
+}
+
+// acmeManagerMaker makes an ACME manager
+// for managinig certificates using ACME.
+type acmeManagerMaker struct {
+	CA          string           `json:"ca,omitempty"`
+	Email       string           `json:"email,omitempty"`
+	RenewAhead  caddy2.Duration  `json:"renew_ahead,omitempty"`
+	KeyType     string           `json:"key_type,omitempty"`
+	ACMETimeout caddy2.Duration  `json:"acme_timeout,omitempty"`
+	MustStaple  bool             `json:"must_staple,omitempty"`
+	Challenges  ChallengesConfig `json:"challenges"`
+	OnDemand    *OnDemandConfig  `json:"on_demand,omitempty"`
+	Storage     json.RawMessage  `json:"storage,omitempty"`
+
+	storage certmagic.Storage
+	keyType certcrypto.KeyType
+}
+
+func (m *acmeManagerMaker) Provision() error {
+	m.setDefaults()
+
+	// DNS providers
+	if m.Challenges.DNS != nil {
+		val, err := caddy2.LoadModuleInline("provider", "tls.dns", m.Challenges.DNS)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("loading TLS storage module: %s", err)
+		}
+		m.Challenges.dns = val.(challenge.Provider)
+		m.Challenges.DNS = nil // allow GC to deallocate - TODO: Does this help?
+	}
+
+	// policy-specific storage implementation
+	if m.Storage != nil {
+		val, err := caddy2.LoadModuleInline("system", "caddy.storage", m.Storage)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("loading TLS storage module: %s", err)
+		}
+		cmStorage, err := val.(caddy2.StorageConverter).CertMagicStorage()
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("creating TLS storage configuration: %v", err)
+		}
+		m.storage = cmStorage
+		m.Storage = nil // allow GC to deallocate - TODO: Does this help?
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// setDefaults indiscriminately sets all the default values in m.
+func (m *acmeManagerMaker) setDefaults() {
+	m.CA = certmagic.LetsEncryptStagingCA // certmagic.Default.CA // TODO: When not testing, switch to production CA
+	m.Email = certmagic.Default.Email
+	m.RenewAhead = caddy2.Duration(certmagic.Default.RenewDurationBefore)
+	m.keyType = certmagic.Default.KeyType
+	m.storage = certmagic.Default.Storage
+}
+
+func (m *acmeManagerMaker) newManager(interactive bool) (certmagic.Manager, error) {
+	return nil, nil
+}
diff --git a/modules/caddytls/connpolicy.go b/modules/caddytls/connpolicy.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9400034
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/caddytls/connpolicy.go
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+package caddytls
+
+import (
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"bitbucket.org/lightcodelabs/caddy2"
+	"github.com/go-acme/lego/challenge/tlsalpn01"
+	"github.com/mholt/certmagic"
+)
+
+// ConnectionPolicies is an ordered group of connection policies;
+// the first matching policy will be used to configure TLS
+// connections at handshake-time.
+type ConnectionPolicies []*ConnectionPolicy
+
+// TLSConfig converts the group of policies to a standard-lib-compatible
+// TLS configuration which selects the first matching policy based on
+// the ClientHello.
+func (cp ConnectionPolicies) TLSConfig(handle caddy2.Handle) (*tls.Config, error) {
+	// connection policy matchers
+	for i, pol := range cp {
+		for modName, rawMsg := range pol.MatchersRaw {
+			val, err := caddy2.LoadModule("tls.handshake_match."+modName, rawMsg)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("loading handshake matcher module '%s': %s", modName, err)
+			}
+			cp[i].Matchers = append(cp[i].Matchers, val.(ConnectionMatcher))
+		}
+		cp[i].MatchersRaw = nil // allow GC to deallocate - TODO: Does this help?
+	}
+
+	// pre-build standard TLS configs so we don't have to at handshake-time
+	for i := range cp {
+		err := cp[i].buildStandardTLSConfig(handle)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("connection policy %d: building standard TLS config: %s", i, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return &tls.Config{
+		GetConfigForClient: func(hello *tls.ClientHelloInfo) (*tls.Config, error) {
+		policyLoop:
+			for _, pol := range cp {
+				for _, matcher := range pol.Matchers {
+					if !matcher.Match(hello) {
+						continue policyLoop
+					}
+				}
+				return pol.stdTLSConfig, nil
+			}
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("no server TLS configuration available for ClientHello: %+v", hello)
+		},
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// ConnectionPolicy specifies the logic for handling a TLS handshake.
+type ConnectionPolicy struct {
+	MatchersRaw map[string]json.RawMessage `json:"match,omitempty"`
+
+	CipherSuites []string `json:"cipher_suites,omitempty"`
+	Curves       []string `json:"curves,omitempty"`
+	ALPN         []string `json:"alpn,omitempty"`
+	ProtocolMin  string   `json:"protocol_min,omitempty"`
+	ProtocolMax  string   `json:"protocol_max,omitempty"`
+
+	// TODO: Client auth
+
+	// TODO: see if starlark could be useful here - enterprise only
+	StarlarkHandshake string `json:"starlark_handshake,omitempty"`
+
+	Matchers     []ConnectionMatcher
+	stdTLSConfig *tls.Config
+}
+
+func (cp *ConnectionPolicy) buildStandardTLSConfig(handle caddy2.Handle) error {
+	tlsApp := handle.App("tls").(*TLS)
+
+	cfg := &tls.Config{
+		NextProtos:               cp.ALPN,
+		PreferServerCipherSuites: true,
+		GetCertificate: func(hello *tls.ClientHelloInfo) (*tls.Certificate, error) {
+			cfgTpl, err := tlsApp.getConfigForName(hello.ServerName)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("getting config for name %s: %v", hello.ServerName, err)
+			}
+			newCfg := certmagic.New(tlsApp.certCache, cfgTpl)
+			return newCfg.GetCertificate(hello)
+		},
+		MinVersion: tls.VersionTLS12,
+		MaxVersion: tls.VersionTLS13,
+		// TODO: Session ticket key rotation (use Storage)
+	}
+
+	// add all the cipher suites in order, without duplicates
+	cipherSuitesAdded := make(map[uint16]struct{})
+	for _, csName := range cp.CipherSuites {
+		csID := supportedCipherSuites[csName]
+		if _, ok := cipherSuitesAdded[csID]; !ok {
+			cipherSuitesAdded[csID] = struct{}{}
+			cfg.CipherSuites = append(cfg.CipherSuites, csID)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// add all the curve preferences in order, without duplicates
+	curvesAdded := make(map[tls.CurveID]struct{})
+	for _, curveName := range cp.Curves {
+		curveID := supportedCurves[curveName]
+		if _, ok := curvesAdded[curveID]; !ok {
+			curvesAdded[curveID] = struct{}{}
+			cfg.CurvePreferences = append(cfg.CurvePreferences, curveID)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// ensure ALPN includes the ACME TLS-ALPN protocol
+	var alpnFound bool
+	for _, a := range cp.ALPN {
+		if a == tlsalpn01.ACMETLS1Protocol {
+			alpnFound = true
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if !alpnFound {
+		cfg.NextProtos = append(cfg.NextProtos, tlsalpn01.ACMETLS1Protocol)
+	}
+
+	// min and max protocol versions
+	if cp.ProtocolMin != "" {
+		cfg.MinVersion = supportedProtocols[cp.ProtocolMin]
+	}
+	if cp.ProtocolMax != "" {
+		cfg.MaxVersion = supportedProtocols[cp.ProtocolMax]
+	}
+	if cp.ProtocolMin > cp.ProtocolMax {
+		return fmt.Errorf("protocol min (%x) cannot be greater than protocol max (%x)", cp.ProtocolMin, cp.ProtocolMax)
+	}
+
+	// TODO: client auth, and other fields
+
+	cp.stdTLSConfig = cfg
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// ConnectionMatcher is a type which matches TLS handshakes.
+type ConnectionMatcher interface {
+	Match(*tls.ClientHelloInfo) bool
+}
diff --git a/modules/caddytls/fileloader.go b/modules/caddytls/fileloader.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fae2275
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/caddytls/fileloader.go
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+package caddytls
+
+import (
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+
+	"bitbucket.org/lightcodelabs/caddy2"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	caddy2.RegisterModule(caddy2.Module{
+		Name: "tls.certificates.load_files",
+		New:  func() (interface{}, error) { return fileLoader{}, nil },
+	})
+}
+
+// fileLoader loads certificates and their associated keys from disk.
+type fileLoader []CertKeyFilePair
+
+// CertKeyFilePair pairs certificate and key file names along with their
+// encoding format so that they can be loaded from disk.
+type CertKeyFilePair struct {
+	Certificate string `json:"certificate"`
+	Key         string `json:"key"`
+	Format      string `json:"format,omitempty"` // "pem" is default
+}
+
+// LoadCertificates returns the certificates to be loaded by fl.
+func (fl fileLoader) LoadCertificates() ([]tls.Certificate, error) {
+	var certs []tls.Certificate
+	for _, pair := range fl {
+		certData, err := ioutil.ReadFile(pair.Certificate)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		keyData, err := ioutil.ReadFile(pair.Key)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		var cert tls.Certificate
+		switch pair.Format {
+		case "":
+			fallthrough
+		case "pem":
+			cert, err = tls.X509KeyPair(certData, keyData)
+		default:
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unrecognized certificate/key encoding format: %s", pair.Format)
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		certs = append(certs, cert)
+	}
+	return certs, nil
+}
+
+// Interface guard
+var _ CertificateLoader = (fileLoader)(nil)
diff --git a/modules/caddytls/folderloader.go b/modules/caddytls/folderloader.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d46502
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/caddytls/folderloader.go
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+package caddytls
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"encoding/pem"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+
+	"bitbucket.org/lightcodelabs/caddy2"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	caddy2.RegisterModule(caddy2.Module{
+		Name: "tls.certificates.load_folders",
+		New:  func() (interface{}, error) { return folderLoader{}, nil },
+	})
+}
+
+// folderLoader loads certificates and their associated keys from disk
+// by recursively walking the specified directories, looking for PEM
+// files which contain both a certificate and a key.
+type folderLoader []string
+
+// LoadCertificates loads all the certificates+keys in the directories
+// listed in fl from all files ending with .pem. This method of loading
+// certificates expects the certificate and key to be bundled into the
+// same file.
+func (fl folderLoader) LoadCertificates() ([]tls.Certificate, error) {
+	var certs []tls.Certificate
+	for _, dir := range fl {
+		err := filepath.Walk(dir, func(fpath string, info os.FileInfo, err error) error {
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("unable to traverse into path: %s", fpath)
+			}
+			if info.IsDir() {
+				return nil
+			}
+			if !strings.HasSuffix(strings.ToLower(info.Name()), ".pem") {
+				return nil
+			}
+
+			cert, err := x509CertFromCertAndKeyPEMFile(fpath)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			certs = append(certs, cert)
+
+			return nil
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	return certs, nil
+}
+
+func x509CertFromCertAndKeyPEMFile(fpath string) (tls.Certificate, error) {
+	bundle, err := ioutil.ReadFile(fpath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return tls.Certificate{}, err
+	}
+
+	certBuilder, keyBuilder := new(bytes.Buffer), new(bytes.Buffer)
+	var foundKey bool // use only the first key in the file
+
+	for {
+		// Decode next block so we can see what type it is
+		var derBlock *pem.Block
+		derBlock, bundle = pem.Decode(bundle)
+		if derBlock == nil {
+			break
+		}
+
+		if derBlock.Type == "CERTIFICATE" {
+			// Re-encode certificate as PEM, appending to certificate chain
+			pem.Encode(certBuilder, derBlock)
+		} else if derBlock.Type == "EC PARAMETERS" {
+			// EC keys generated from openssl can be composed of two blocks:
+			// parameters and key (parameter block should come first)
+			if !foundKey {
+				// Encode parameters
+				pem.Encode(keyBuilder, derBlock)
+
+				// Key must immediately follow
+				derBlock, bundle = pem.Decode(bundle)
+				if derBlock == nil || derBlock.Type != "EC PRIVATE KEY" {
+					return tls.Certificate{}, fmt.Errorf("%s: expected elliptic private key to immediately follow EC parameters", fpath)
+				}
+				pem.Encode(keyBuilder, derBlock)
+				foundKey = true
+			}
+		} else if derBlock.Type == "PRIVATE KEY" || strings.HasSuffix(derBlock.Type, " PRIVATE KEY") {
+			// RSA key
+			if !foundKey {
+				pem.Encode(keyBuilder, derBlock)
+				foundKey = true
+			}
+		} else {
+			return tls.Certificate{}, fmt.Errorf("%s: unrecognized PEM block type: %s", fpath, derBlock.Type)
+		}
+	}
+
+	certPEMBytes, keyPEMBytes := certBuilder.Bytes(), keyBuilder.Bytes()
+	if len(certPEMBytes) == 0 {
+		return tls.Certificate{}, fmt.Errorf("%s: failed to parse PEM data", fpath)
+	}
+	if len(keyPEMBytes) == 0 {
+		return tls.Certificate{}, fmt.Errorf("%s: no private key block found", fpath)
+	}
+
+	cert, err := tls.X509KeyPair(certPEMBytes, keyPEMBytes)
+	if err != nil {
+		return tls.Certificate{}, fmt.Errorf("%s: making X509 key pair: %v", fpath, err)
+	}
+
+	return cert, nil
+}
diff --git a/modules/caddytls/matchers.go b/modules/caddytls/matchers.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c376f87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/caddytls/matchers.go
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+package caddytls
+
+import (
+	"crypto/tls"
+
+	"bitbucket.org/lightcodelabs/caddy2"
+)
+
+type (
+	MatchServerName []string
+
+	// TODO: these others should be enterprise-only, probably
+	MatchProtocol   []string // TODO: version or protocol?
+	MatchClientCert struct{} // TODO: client certificate options
+	MatchRemote     []string
+	MatchStarlark   string
+)
+
+func init() {
+	caddy2.RegisterModule(caddy2.Module{
+		Name: "tls.handshake_match.host",
+		New:  func() (interface{}, error) { return MatchServerName{}, nil },
+	})
+	caddy2.RegisterModule(caddy2.Module{
+		Name: "tls.handshake_match.protocol",
+		New:  func() (interface{}, error) { return MatchProtocol{}, nil },
+	})
+	caddy2.RegisterModule(caddy2.Module{
+		Name: "tls.handshake_match.client_cert",
+		New:  func() (interface{}, error) { return MatchClientCert{}, nil },
+	})
+	caddy2.RegisterModule(caddy2.Module{
+		Name: "tls.handshake_match.remote",
+		New:  func() (interface{}, error) { return MatchRemote{}, nil },
+	})
+	caddy2.RegisterModule(caddy2.Module{
+		Name: "tls.handshake_match.starlark",
+		New:  func() (interface{}, error) { return new(MatchStarlark), nil },
+	})
+}
+
+func (m MatchServerName) Match(hello *tls.ClientHelloInfo) bool {
+	for _, name := range m {
+		// TODO: support wildcards (and regex?)
+		if hello.ServerName == name {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func (m MatchProtocol) Match(hello *tls.ClientHelloInfo) bool {
+	// TODO: not implemented
+	return false
+}
+
+func (m MatchClientCert) Match(hello *tls.ClientHelloInfo) bool {
+	// TODO: not implemented
+	return false
+}
+
+func (m MatchRemote) Match(hello *tls.ClientHelloInfo) bool {
+	// TODO: not implemented
+	return false
+}
+
+func (m MatchStarlark) Match(hello *tls.ClientHelloInfo) bool {
+	// TODO: not implemented
+	return false
+}
+
+// Interface guards
+var (
+	_ ConnectionMatcher = MatchServerName{}
+	_ ConnectionMatcher = MatchProtocol{}
+	_ ConnectionMatcher = MatchClientCert{}
+	_ ConnectionMatcher = MatchRemote{}
+	_ ConnectionMatcher = new(MatchStarlark)
+)
diff --git a/modules/caddytls/tls.go b/modules/caddytls/tls.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..43ad957
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/caddytls/tls.go
@@ -0,0 +1,359 @@
+package caddytls
+
+import (
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"time"
+
+	"bitbucket.org/lightcodelabs/caddy2"
+	"github.com/go-acme/lego/certcrypto"
+	"github.com/go-acme/lego/challenge"
+	"github.com/klauspost/cpuid"
+	"github.com/mholt/certmagic"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	caddy2.RegisterModule(caddy2.Module{
+		Name: "tls",
+		New:  func() (interface{}, error) { return new(TLS), nil },
+	})
+}
+
+// TLS represents a process-wide TLS configuration.
+type TLS struct {
+	Certificates map[string]json.RawMessage `json:"certificates"`
+	Automation   AutomationConfig           `json:"automation"`
+
+	certificateLoaders []CertificateLoader
+	certCache          *certmagic.Cache
+}
+
+// TODO: Finish stubbing out this two-phase setup process: prepare, then start...
+
+func (t *TLS) Provision() error {
+	// set up the certificate cache
+	// TODO: this makes a new cache every time; better to only make a new
+	// cache (or even better, add/remove only what is necessary) if the
+	// certificates config has been updated
+	t.certCache = certmagic.NewCache(certmagic.CacheOptions{
+		GetConfigForCert: func(cert certmagic.Certificate) (certmagic.Config, error) {
+			return t.getConfigForName(cert.Names[0])
+		},
+	})
+
+	for i, ap := range t.Automation.Policies {
+		val, err := caddy2.LoadModuleInline("module", "tls.management", ap.Management)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("loading TLS automation management module: %s", err)
+		}
+		t.Automation.Policies[i].management = val.(ManagerMaker)
+		t.Automation.Policies[i].Management = nil // allow GC to deallocate - TODO: Does this help?
+	}
+
+	// certificate loaders
+	for modName, rawMsg := range t.Certificates {
+		if modName == automateKey {
+			continue // special case; these will be loaded in later
+		}
+		val, err := caddy2.LoadModule("tls.certificates."+modName, rawMsg)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("loading certificate module '%s': %s", modName, err)
+		}
+		t.certificateLoaders = append(t.certificateLoaders, val.(CertificateLoader))
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Start activates the TLS module.
+func (t *TLS) Start(handle caddy2.Handle) error {
+	// load manual/static (unmanaged) certificates
+	for _, loader := range t.certificateLoaders {
+		certs, err := loader.LoadCertificates()
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("loading certificates: %v", err)
+		}
+		magic := certmagic.New(t.certCache, certmagic.Config{
+			Storage: caddy2.GetStorage(),
+		})
+		for _, cert := range certs {
+			err := magic.CacheUnmanagedTLSCertificate(cert)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("caching unmanaged certificate: %v", err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// load automated (managed) certificates
+	if automatedRawMsg, ok := t.Certificates[automateKey]; ok {
+		var names []string
+		err := json.Unmarshal(automatedRawMsg, &names)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("automate: decoding names: %v", err)
+		}
+		err = t.Manage(names)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("automate: managing %v: %v", names, err)
+		}
+		// for _, name := range names {
+		// 	t.Manage([]string{name)
+		// 	ap := t.getAutomationPolicyForName(name)
+		// 	magic := certmagic.New(t.certCache, ap.makeCertMagicConfig())
+		// 	err := magic.Manage([]string{name})
+		// 	if err != nil {
+		// 		return fmt.Errorf("automate: manage %s: %v", name, err)
+		// 	}
+		// }
+	}
+	t.Certificates = nil // allow GC to deallocate - TODO: Does this help?
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Stop stops the TLS module and cleans up any allocations.
+func (t *TLS) Stop() error {
+	if t.certCache != nil {
+		// TODO: ensure locks are cleaned up too... maybe in certmagic though
+		t.certCache.Stop()
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Manage immediately begins managing names according to the
+// matching automation policy.
+func (t *TLS) Manage(names []string) error {
+	for _, name := range names {
+		ap := t.getAutomationPolicyForName(name)
+		magic := certmagic.New(t.certCache, ap.makeCertMagicConfig())
+		err := magic.Manage([]string{name})
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("automate: manage %s: %v", name, err)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// HandleHTTPChallenge ensures that the HTTP challenge is handled for the
+// certificate named by r.Host, if it is an HTTP challenge request.
+func (t *TLS) HandleHTTPChallenge(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) bool {
+	if !certmagic.LooksLikeHTTPChallenge(r) {
+		return false
+	}
+	ap := t.getAutomationPolicyForName(r.Host)
+	magic := certmagic.New(t.certCache, ap.makeCertMagicConfig())
+	return magic.HandleHTTPChallenge(w, r)
+}
+
+func (t *TLS) getConfigForName(name string) (certmagic.Config, error) {
+	ap := t.getAutomationPolicyForName(name)
+	return ap.makeCertMagicConfig(), nil
+}
+
+func (t *TLS) getAutomationPolicyForName(name string) AutomationPolicy {
+	for _, ap := range t.Automation.Policies {
+		if len(ap.Hosts) == 0 {
+			// no host filter is an automatic match
+			return ap
+		}
+		for _, h := range ap.Hosts {
+			if h == name {
+				return ap
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// default automation policy
+	mgmt := new(acmeManagerMaker)
+	mgmt.setDefaults()
+	return AutomationPolicy{management: mgmt}
+}
+
+// CertificateLoader is a type that can load certificates.
+type CertificateLoader interface {
+	LoadCertificates() ([]tls.Certificate, error)
+}
+
+// AutomationConfig designates configuration for the
+// construction and use of ACME clients.
+type AutomationConfig struct {
+	Policies []AutomationPolicy `json:"policies,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// AutomationPolicy designates the policy for automating the
+// management of managed TLS certificates.
+type AutomationPolicy struct {
+	Hosts      []string        `json:"hosts,omitempty"`
+	Management json.RawMessage `json:"management"`
+
+	management ManagerMaker
+}
+
+func (ap AutomationPolicy) makeCertMagicConfig() certmagic.Config {
+	if acmeMgmt, ok := ap.management.(*acmeManagerMaker); ok {
+		// default, which is management via ACME
+
+		storage := acmeMgmt.storage
+		if storage == nil {
+			storage = caddy2.GetStorage()
+		}
+
+		var ond *certmagic.OnDemandConfig
+		if acmeMgmt.OnDemand != nil {
+			ond = &certmagic.OnDemandConfig{
+				// TODO: fill this out
+			}
+		}
+
+		return certmagic.Config{
+			CA:                      certmagic.LetsEncryptStagingCA, //ap.CA, // TODO: Restore true value
+			Email:                   acmeMgmt.Email,
+			Agreed:                  true,
+			DisableHTTPChallenge:    acmeMgmt.Challenges.HTTP.Disabled,
+			DisableTLSALPNChallenge: acmeMgmt.Challenges.TLSALPN.Disabled,
+			RenewDurationBefore:     time.Duration(acmeMgmt.RenewAhead),
+			AltHTTPPort:             acmeMgmt.Challenges.HTTP.AlternatePort,
+			AltTLSALPNPort:          acmeMgmt.Challenges.TLSALPN.AlternatePort,
+			DNSProvider:             acmeMgmt.Challenges.dns,
+			KeyType:                 supportedCertKeyTypes[acmeMgmt.KeyType],
+			CertObtainTimeout:       time.Duration(acmeMgmt.ACMETimeout),
+			OnDemand:                ond,
+			MustStaple:              acmeMgmt.MustStaple,
+			Storage:                 storage,
+			// TODO: listenHost
+		}
+	}
+
+	return certmagic.Config{
+		NewManager: ap.management.newManager,
+	}
+}
+
+// ChallengesConfig configures the ACME challenges.
+type ChallengesConfig struct {
+	HTTP    HTTPChallengeConfig    `json:"http"`
+	TLSALPN TLSALPNChallengeConfig `json:"tls-alpn"`
+	DNS     json.RawMessage        `json:"dns,omitempty"`
+
+	dns challenge.Provider
+}
+
+// HTTPChallengeConfig configures the ACME HTTP challenge.
+type HTTPChallengeConfig struct {
+	Disabled      bool `json:"disabled,omitempty"`
+	AlternatePort int  `json:"alternate_port,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// TLSALPNChallengeConfig configures the ACME TLS-ALPN challenge.
+type TLSALPNChallengeConfig struct {
+	Disabled      bool `json:"disabled,omitempty"`
+	AlternatePort int  `json:"alternate_port,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// OnDemandConfig configures on-demand TLS, for obtaining
+// needed certificates at handshake-time.
+type OnDemandConfig struct {
+	// TODO: MaxCertificates state might not endure reloads...
+	// MaxCertificates int    `json:"max_certificates,omitempty"`
+	AskURL      string `json:"ask_url,omitempty"`
+	AskStarlark string `json:"ask_starlark,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// supportedCertKeyTypes is all the key types that are supported
+// for certificates that are obtained through ACME.
+var supportedCertKeyTypes = map[string]certcrypto.KeyType{
+	"RSA2048": certcrypto.RSA2048,
+	"RSA4096": certcrypto.RSA4096,
+	"P256":    certcrypto.EC256,
+	"P384":    certcrypto.EC384,
+}
+
+// supportedCipherSuites is the unordered map of cipher suite
+// string names to their definition in crypto/tls.
+// TODO: might not be needed much longer, see:
+// https://github.com/golang/go/issues/30325
+var supportedCipherSuites = map[string]uint16{
+	"ECDHE_ECDSA_AES256_GCM_SHA384":      tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
+	"ECDHE_RSA_AES256_GCM_SHA384":        tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
+	"ECDHE_ECDSA_AES128_GCM_SHA256":      tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
+	"ECDHE_RSA_AES128_GCM_SHA256":        tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
+	"ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305": tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305,
+	"ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305":   tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305,
+	"ECDHE_RSA_AES256_CBC_SHA":           tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,
+	"ECDHE_RSA_AES128_CBC_SHA":           tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,
+	"ECDHE_ECDSA_AES256_CBC_SHA":         tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,
+	"ECDHE_ECDSA_AES128_CBC_SHA":         tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,
+	"RSA_AES256_CBC_SHA":                 tls.TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,
+	"RSA_AES128_CBC_SHA":                 tls.TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,
+	"ECDHE_RSA_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA":         tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA,
+	"RSA_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA":               tls.TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA,
+}
+
+// defaultCipherSuites is the ordered list of all the cipher
+// suites we want to support by default, assuming AES-NI
+// (hardware acceleration for AES).
+var defaultCipherSuitesWithAESNI = []uint16{
+	tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
+	tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
+	tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
+	tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
+	tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305,
+	tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305,
+}
+
+// defaultCipherSuites is the ordered list of all the cipher
+// suites we want to support by default, assuming lack of
+// AES-NI (NO hardware acceleration for AES).
+var defaultCipherSuitesWithoutAESNI = []uint16{
+	tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305,
+	tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CHACHA20_POLY1305,
+	tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
+	tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
+	tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
+	tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
+}
+
+// getOptimalDefaultCipherSuites returns an appropriate cipher
+// suite to use depending on the hardware support for AES.
+//
+// See https://github.com/mholt/caddy/issues/1674
+func getOptimalDefaultCipherSuites() []uint16 {
+	if cpuid.CPU.AesNi() {
+		return defaultCipherSuitesWithAESNI
+	}
+	return defaultCipherSuitesWithoutAESNI
+}
+
+// supportedCurves is the unordered map of supported curves.
+// https://golang.org/pkg/crypto/tls/#CurveID
+var supportedCurves = map[string]tls.CurveID{
+	"X25519": tls.X25519,
+	"P256":   tls.CurveP256,
+	"P384":   tls.CurveP384,
+	"P521":   tls.CurveP521,
+}
+
+// defaultCurves is the list of only the curves we want to use
+// by default, in descending order of preference.
+//
+// This list should only include curves which are fast by design
+// (e.g. X25519) and those for which an optimized assembly
+// implementation exists (e.g. P256). The latter ones can be
+// found here:
+// https://github.com/golang/go/tree/master/src/crypto/elliptic
+var defaultCurves = []tls.CurveID{
+	tls.X25519,
+	tls.CurveP256,
+}
+
+// supportedProtocols is a map of supported protocols.
+// HTTP/2 only supports TLS 1.2 and higher.
+var supportedProtocols = map[string]uint16{
+	"tls1.0": tls.VersionTLS10,
+	"tls1.1": tls.VersionTLS11,
+	"tls1.2": tls.VersionTLS12,
+	"tls1.3": tls.VersionTLS13,
+}
+
+const automateKey = "automate"
diff --git a/storage.go b/storage.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb93f59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/storage.go
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+package caddy2
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
+
+	"github.com/mholt/certmagic"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	RegisterModule(Module{
+		Name: "caddy.storage.file_system",
+		New:  func() (interface{}, error) { return new(fileStorage), nil },
+	})
+}
+
+// StorageConverter is a type that can convert itself
+// to a valid, usable certmagic.Storage value. The
+// value might be short-lived.
+type StorageConverter interface {
+	CertMagicStorage() (certmagic.Storage, error)
+}
+
+// TODO: Wrappers other than file_system should be enterprise-only.
+
+// It may seem trivial to wrap these, but the benefits are:
+// 1. We don't need to change the actual CertMagic storage implementions
+// to a structure that is operable with Caddy's config (including JSON
+// tags), and
+// 2. We don't need to rely on rely on maintainers of third-party
+// certmagic.Storage implementations. We can make any certmagic.Storage
+// work with Caddy this way.
+
+// fileStorage is a certmagic.Storage wrapper for certmagic.FileStorage.
+type fileStorage struct {
+	Root string `json:"root"`
+}
+
+func (s fileStorage) CertMagicStorage() (certmagic.Storage, error) {
+	return &certmagic.FileStorage{Path: s.Root}, nil
+}
+
+// homeDir returns the best guess of the current user's home
+// directory from environment variables. If unknown, "." (the
+// current directory) is returned instead.
+func homeDir() string {
+	home := os.Getenv("HOME")
+	if home == "" && runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
+		drive := os.Getenv("HOMEDRIVE")
+		path := os.Getenv("HOMEPATH")
+		home = drive + path
+		if drive == "" || path == "" {
+			home = os.Getenv("USERPROFILE")
+		}
+	}
+	if home == "" {
+		home = "."
+	}
+	return home
+}
+
+// dataDir returns a directory path that is suitable for storage.
+// https://specifications.freedesktop.org/basedir-spec/basedir-spec-latest.html#variables
+func dataDir() string {
+	baseDir := filepath.Join(homeDir(), ".local", "share")
+	if xdgData := os.Getenv("XDG_DATA_HOME"); xdgData != "" {
+		baseDir = xdgData
+	}
+	return filepath.Join(baseDir, "caddy")
+}
+
+// Interface guard
+var _ StorageConverter = fileStorage{}